Gum (Periodontal) Disease

Gum diseases, left untreated can lead to tooth loss and other complications. Periodontal disease is a chronic bacterial infection that attacks the gum tissue surrounding the tooth. The bacteria in plaque can promote gum inflammation. Regular brushing and flossing, with regular dental checkups and cleanings can help prevent gum disease like gingivitis and periodontitis. Regular professional dental cleaning, at least twice a year, is necessary to remove calculus from places your toothbrush and floss may not have reached.

Some indications that you may be suffering from gum disease are bleeding gums, loose teeth and a receding gum line. Smokers of tobacco products are far more likely to have calculus form on their teeth.

Gingivitis is the least aggressive form of gum disease. Gums can become red, swollen and can bleed easily. There is generally little or no discomfort with gingivitis and it is a reversible condition with professional treatment and diligent home oral care.

Untreated, gingivitis can advance to periodontitis. With time the plaque can spread to form below the gum line. At this stage toxins produced by the bacteria in the plaque can stimulate a chronic inflammatory response in which the body essentially turns on itself. The tissue and bone surrounding the teeth begin to break down. Gums can separate from the teeth, forming pockets. As the disease progresses these pockets will deepen and more tissue and bone will be destroyed.

If you are diagnosed with periodontal disease your periodontist may recommend periodontal surgery. If you have already lost a tooth to periodontitis dental implants provide a tooth replacement option that leaves you with teeth that look and feel just like your own.